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Repeated USMLE Questions

Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1- Highlights- 4

Q- Which of the following is one of the reasons that corticosteroids therapy may lead to osteoporosis?

A- Corticosteroids decrease renal phosphate excretion

B- Corticosteroids decrease intestinal calcium absorption

C- Corticosteroids increase osteoblast mRNA production

D- Corticosteroids increase osteoblast protein synthesis

B- Corticosteroids decrease intestinal calcium absorption- Beside that, corticosteroids increase renal phosphate absorption leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone resorption. Corticosteroids also decrease osteoblast mRNA production and protein synthesis.

 

Q- A middle-aged woman complains of feeling a lump in her left breast.

A biopsy is performed. Which one of the following microscopic findings is most likely considered an increased risk to develop carcinoma?

A- Apocrine metaplasia

B- Atypical ductal hyperplasia

C- Multiple cyst spaces

D- Sclerosing adenosis

B- Atypical ductal hyperplasia- Atypical lobular and ductal hyperplasia are associated with increased risk of the development of breast carcinoma.

 

Q- A 14-year-old girl presents to check her back for twisted appearance for the past 2 years. Radiology shows abnormal lateral bowing of her back with lateral curvature of the mid-thoracic region.  Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A- Kyphosis

B- Lordosis

C- Osteoporosis

D- Scoliosis

D- Scoliosis- It is idiopathic and common in young females. Kyphosis is curving forward and lordosis is swayback appearance.



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